Hazing Is Neither Accountability Nor Simulating High Stress Environments

For those of y’all who know me away from this screen (and even for some of y’all who only know me online), you probably know that while my undergraduate degree is from the University of Texas, it’s not where I started my college career. I was honored to be appointed to the United States Naval Academy. (Just to humble brag a bit, I also had a senatorial nomination to the United States Military Academy.) I realized relatively soon that this was not the long term path for me. I have no regrets for following this path as I’d have always wondered what would have happened had I taken the appointment to a service academy.

What I did learn is that hazing is a real thing. The service academies have a long tradition of hazing for a variety of reasons. I think the key reason is tradition. Namely, “If I had to put up with this, so do the ‘new kids.'”

I won’t deny that there’s a place for creating high stress environments, holding people accountable, or using physical exercise as a form of “correction.” Truth be told, there’s more than a few times that I’ve wanted to use “knife hands” or a drill instructor style shark attack to drive a point home to someone who seems willfully clueless. In my attorney job, my colleagues in human resources tell me that’s not professional. In a fire or EMS environment, sometimes a pointed conversation is needed to drive home a point. And virtually no one will argue that there’s a need for strict discipline in a military environment, especially for initial training. I’m NOT going to be the one to argue that the SEAL’s infamous “Hell Week” should be replaced with “A Forty Hour Work Week That’s Less Than Pleasant.” Some environments demand this level of intensity.

But I’ll tell you one place where this level of intensity is NOT needed. Emergency Medical Services. It’s not needed in initial EMS education. It’s not needed in a paramilitary style “academy” for new hires. Period. Yet, there are a few education programs that “brag” on it. Likewise with a few services who do a new hire academy for already certified EMTs and paramedics.

Right now, there’s an initial entry paramedic education program that’s advertising such hazing on their social media as part of a process to get their students to react to stress. They call it education. Pic below for proof.

The program is clearly proud of their educational efforts. While I am a lawyer, I’m not your lawyer. And I’m certainly not this program’s lawyer. What I can do is show you what Texas law defines as hazing, but this is only applicable in very specific academic or extracurricular settings. See Texas Education Code 37.151:

(6) “Hazing” means any intentional, knowing, or reckless act, occurring on or off the campus of an educational institution, by one person alone or acting with others, directed against a student for the purpose of pledging, being initiated into, affiliating with, holding office in, or maintaining membership in an organization if the act:

(A) is any type of physical brutality, such as whipping, beating, striking, branding, electronic shocking, placing of a harmful substance on the body, or similar activity;

(B) involves sleep deprivation, exposure to the elements, confinement in a small space, calisthenics, or other similar activity that subjects the student to an unreasonable risk of harm or that adversely affects the mental or physical health or safety of the student;

(C) involves consumption of a food, liquid, alcoholic beverage, liquor, drug, or other substance, other than as described by Paragraph (E), that subjects the student to an unreasonable risk of harm or that adversely affects the mental or physical health or safety of the student;

(D) is any activity that induces, causes, or requires the student to perform a duty or task that involves a violation of the Penal Code; or

(E) involves coercing, as defined by Section 1.07, Penal Code, the student to consume:

(i) a drug; or

(ii) an alcoholic beverage or liquor in an amount that would lead a reasonable person to believe that the student is intoxicated, as defined by Section 49.01, Penal Code.

I think twelve people who couldn’t get out of jury duty might well consider this to fit the definition of “hazing.” It’s rather fortunate for those conducting this program that the program does not fit the definition of an education institution. Having seen a few of the names involved, I’m surprised by some and sadly, not surprised by some of the other names.

And here’s a note. The other healthcare professions don’t do this. Sure, resident physicians work long hours. They work on call. But this is part of being a physician and it’s exposing them to this in an environment that is supposed to have guardrails. The only guardrails in this screenshot seem to be the sadists running this “education program.”

But it’s not just Texas. Another state believes this is acceptable in an educational setting. Granted, the paramedic education program is conducted by the EMS agency — in conjunction with that county’s police force.

A local-to-me EMS agency runs every group of newly hired EMTs and paramedics, regardless of their experience, through a new hire academy where they’re called “cadets,” subject to paramilitary style discipline and mandatory physical training. Call me crazy, but I’d rather these EMTs and paramedics learn the intricacies of their particular EMS system, receive a refresher on current medicine, and maybe even get a modicum of exposure to basic customer service skills.

Another EMS system that I’m familiar with had a field training officer who made his trainees do calisthenics prior to performing skills.

I ask one simple question. Who taught any of these people that this is acceptable in a training environment, let alone something you should be advertising? Because these people aren’t coming up with these things in a vacuum. Someone has taught them this is “ok.” Someone has normalized this. Someone has held this model up as the “way things ought to be.”

This is not okay. We cannot normalize abusing students and/or future colleagues. Period. Full stop. No exceptions. No explanations. Behavior like this needs to be called out. It needs to be shamed. And these people need to be promptly kicked out of our profession.

Want to fix EMS mental health? There’s a crap ton we can do for that. But it can, should, and must start with properly stigmatizing and shunning anyone in EMS who thinks this is how we should treat each other. Because now these students and new hires think this is acceptable. IT. IS. NOT. ACCEPTABLE.

When EMTs and Paramedics Are Just Like Doctors

People in EMS claim they’re like doctors. I disagree in many respects. (Despite all of the t-shirts that say we’re “doing everything a doctor does, but at 80 miles an hour.) But here’s where EMS people are just like doctors. They think everything is solely about the clinical practice of medicine and that they’re somehow “above” the world of billing and finance, let alone policy, politics, regulations, and the like.

I’d note that the fire service has adopted training levels for officers/administrators (Fire Officer I-IV) that include subject matter above and beyond putting out fires. And the fire service has a nonprofit accrediting body, the National Fire Protection Association, that adopts these standards. Various training programs and state licensing bodies then follow and/or apply these standards. EMS? Well, our leadership training revolves around seminars put on by self-promoters, trainings put on by consulting firms (Hire us to help you fix the problems we created to begin with!), and a few associations that are largely cliques of self-appointed and self-important “cool kids.” And the majority of what counts for EMS leadership training is expensive and requires extensive travel. Meanwhile, you can find Fire Officer classes readily available both in person and remotely. Fortunately, the NFPA is working on a similar set of standards for EMS Officer. It’s a pity that our self-appointed association for EMS providers is more interested in producing even more “card courses” in conjunction with a textbook publisher than it is in developing the next generation of EMS leaders and administrators.

Then when others get into that space and control EMS because they control the flow of money, EMS claims that our clinical prerogative is being disregarded. In the physician world, we hear physicians bemoan the power of hospital administrators, practice managers, and insurance companies. They complain that these non-clinical personnel are dictating the practice of medicine. And in many EMS settings, we hear EMS types complaining about the constraints placed on their practice of medicine by someone — whether it’s “management” or the governing body overseeing the EMS provider.

You’re damned right that “the man” is at least partially disregarding how you want to practice medicine, especially in your idealized model. Because no one, not even the Feds, have a money tree that grows cash.

So, yeah, people get told no. And they get offended. Why? Because they’ve never understood the world outside of treating a patient. And they don’t understand the constraints. And so they ask for the moon and the stars because they’re insulated from reality. But if they’d just asked for the moon, they might have gotten it. For the average 911 EMS system or a first response system, do they really need the newest cardiac monitor? Are the added features worth it? Does adopting a new monitor mean that your current stock consumable supplies are now unusable? And could the extra cost of the latest and greatest be better applied elsewhere?

I’ve always loved the adage that “perfection is the enemy of good.” I’ve lost count of how many good ideas in EMS have never gotten off the ground or have been significantly delayed because someone is striving for perfection. (Let’s face it, how many programs have we heard are coming “soon” or in “two weeks?”)

My paramedic instructor also taught my EMS instructor class. He said there’s a huge difference between need to know and nice to know. From a budget and finance standpoint, the same advice applies.

Once again, EMS gets lost in the practice of medicine and fails to see the business of medicine. Until we wise up to that, we’re likely to be at the mercy of someone else. And that someone else probably doesn’t know anything about EMS.

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